When you open an , you will notice it contains 14 chapters (or “Principles,” though technically 177 articles called “Principles”). Here is the logical breakdown:
Declares a “policy of brotherhood” toward all Muslims and prohibits any form of foreign domination. iran constitution pdf
At the heart of the document is the principle of Velayat-e Faqih, or the Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist. This principle grants the Supreme Leader ultimate authority over the state, ensuring that all laws and government actions align with Islamic principles. The constitution outlines the powers of the Supreme Leader, which include command of the armed forces, appointment of the head of the judiciary, and the power to dismiss the president. When you open an , you will notice
The final document was adopted by referendum on December 2 and 3, 1979. It was a departure from the secular-leaning constitutions of the past, establishing a government rooted entirely in Islamic law. While the PDF you download today reflects the 1979 version, it is crucial to note that it was significantly amended in 1989 to streamline the leadership structure following the death of Khomeini. This principle grants the Supreme Leader ultimate authority
If you’d like, I can summarize key articles, explain the structure (e.g., the role of the Supreme Leader, Guardian Council, or the principle of Velayat-e Faqih ), or help you locate the PDF directly. Just let me know how I can assist further.
Article 56 states: " Absolute sovereignty over the world and man belongs to God... He has given man the right of social sovereignty to the extent indicated in the verses of this Constitution. "