Before a voice can traverse an IP network, it must undergo a transformation. Understanding this transformation is the first step in moving beyond protocol knowledge.
Nyquist states: To accurately reproduce a frequency, you must sample at twice that frequency. Traditional telephony (POTS) caps at 3.4 kHz. Wideband VoIP (G.722) hits 7 kHz. Opus can hit 20 kHz. Before a voice can traverse an IP network,